{"id":13000,"date":"2024-03-11T06:27:05","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T02:57:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/avusturya-ekonomi-kitabi-piyasa-okulunu-tanima\/"},"modified":"2024-07-16T17:49:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T14:19:16","slug":"avusturya-ekonomi-kitabi-piyasa-okulunu-tanima","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/avusturya-ekonomi-kitabi-piyasa-okulunu-tanima\/","title":{"rendered":"Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131: Piyasa okulunu tan\u0131ma"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13000\" class=\"elementor elementor-13000 elementor-8661\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b9eb79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5b9eb79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4be8eaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4be8eaf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-811e149 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"811e149\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri  <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4bae0 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6d4bae0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-edit\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M402.3 344.9l32-32c5-5 13.7-1.5 13.7 5.7V464c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V112c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h273.5c7.1 0 10.7 8.6 5.7 13.7l-32 32c-1.5 1.5-3.5 2.3-5.7 2.3H48v352h352V350.5c0-2.1.8-4.1 2.3-5.6zm156.6-201.8L296.3 405.7l-90.4 10c-26.2 2.9-48.5-19.2-45.6-45.6l10-90.4L432.9 17.1c22.9-22.9 59.9-22.9 82.7 0l43.2 43.2c22.9 22.9 22.9 60 .1 82.8zM460.1 174L402 115.9 216.2 301.8l-7.3 65.3 65.3-7.3L460.1 174zm64.8-79.7l-43.2-43.2c-4.1-4.1-10.8-4.1-14.8 0L436 82l58.1 58.1 30.9-30.9c4-4.2 4-10.8-.1-14.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">yazar : Steven Horowitz<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-clipboard\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M336 64h-80c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64s-64 28.7-64 64H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v352c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h288c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V112c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48zM192 40c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24s-10.7 24-24 24-24-10.7-24-24 10.7-24 24-24zm144 418c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6H54c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6V118c0-3.3 2.7-6 6-6h42v36c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12h168c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12v-36h42c3.3 0 6 2.7 6 6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u00c7evirmen: Amir Hossein Khaleghi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-calendar\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M400 64h-48V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H160V12c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12h-40c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v52H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v352c0 26.5 21.5 48 48 48h352c26.5 0 48-21.5 48-48V112c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48zm-6 400H54c-3.3 0-6-2.7-6-6V160h352v298c0 3.3-2.7 6-6 6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f tarihi: 1400<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-print\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M448 192V77.25c0-8.49-3.37-16.62-9.37-22.63L393.37 9.37c-6-6-14.14-9.37-22.63-9.37H96C78.33 0 64 14.33 64 32v160c-35.35 0-64 28.65-64 64v112c0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h48v96c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h320c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-96h48c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16V256c0-35.35-28.65-64-64-64zm-64 256H128v-96h256v96zm0-224H128V64h192v48c0 8.84 7.16 16 16 16h48v96zm48 72c-13.25 0-24-10.75-24-24 0-13.26 10.75-24 24-24s24 10.74 24 24c0 13.25-10.75 24-24 24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Yay\u0131nlanan: Birinci<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-pager\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M448 64H64a64 64 0 0 0-64 64v256a64 64 0 0 0 64 64h384a64 64 0 0 0 64-64V128a64 64 0 0 0-64-64zM160 368H80a16 16 0 0 1-16-16v-16a16 16 0 0 1 16-16h80zm128-16a16 16 0 0 1-16 16h-80v-48h80a16 16 0 0 1 16 16zm160-128a32 32 0 0 1-32 32H96a32 32 0 0 1-32-32v-64a32 32 0 0 1 32-32h320a32 32 0 0 1 32 32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">sayfa say\u0131s\u0131: 180<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-truck-moving\" viewBox=\"0 0 640 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M621.3 237.3l-58.5-58.5c-12-12-28.3-18.7-45.3-18.7H480V64c0-17.7-14.3-32-32-32H32C14.3 32 0 46.3 0 64v336c0 44.2 35.8 80 80 80 26.3 0 49.4-12.9 64-32.4 14.6 19.6 37.7 32.4 64 32.4 44.2 0 80-35.8 80-80 0-5.5-.6-10.8-1.6-16h163.2c-1.1 5.2-1.6 10.5-1.6 16 0 44.2 35.8 80 80 80s80-35.8 80-80c0-5.5-.6-10.8-1.6-16H624c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16v-85.5c0-17-6.7-33.2-18.7-45.2zM80 432c-17.6 0-32-14.4-32-32s14.4-32 32-32 32 14.4 32 32-14.4 32-32 32zm128 0c-17.6 0-32-14.4-32-32s14.4-32 32-32 32 14.4 32 32-14.4 32-32 32zm272-224h37.5c4.3 0 8.3 1.7 11.3 4.7l43.3 43.3H480v-48zm48 224c-17.6 0-32-14.4-32-32s14.4-32 32-32 32 14.4 32 32-14.4 32-32 32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Teslimat s\u00fcresi: 3 ila 5 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a942b25 ee-button-group-halign-center ee-button-group-gap-extended elementor-widget elementor-widget-button-group\" data-id=\"a942b25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;trigger&quot;:&quot;mouseenter&quot;,&quot;trigger_tablet&quot;:&quot;click_target&quot;,&quot;trigger_mobile&quot;:&quot;click_target&quot;,&quot;_hide&quot;:&quot;mouseleave&quot;,&quot;_hide_tablet&quot;:&quot;click_out&quot;,&quot;_hide_mobile&quot;:&quot;click_out&quot;,&quot;position&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;delay_in&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;delay_out&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"button-group.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"ee-button-group\"><li class=\"ee-button-gap elementor-repeater-item-dd2140c\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"ee-button-wrapper elementor-animation-grow ee-effect ee-effect-type--3d ee-effect-direction--up ee-effect--background ee-effect-zoom-- ee-effect--perspective\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efex.pro\/fa\/shop\/product-details\/austrian-economy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button ee-button-link ee-size-sm\" data-label=\"Bas\u0131l\u0131 bir kopya sat\u0131n al\u0131n\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button-content-wrapper\"><span class=\"ee-button-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBas\u0131l\u0131 bir kopya sat\u0131n al\u0131n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li><li class=\"ee-button-gap elementor-repeater-item-3176d81\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"ee-button-wrapper elementor-animation-grow ee-effect ee-effect-type--3d ee-effect-direction--up ee-effect--background ee-effect-zoom-- ee-effect--perspective\" href=\"#book\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button ee-button-link ee-size-sm\" data-label=\"Elektronik versiyon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button-content-wrapper\"><span class=\"ee-button-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tElektronik versiyon\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li><li class=\"ee-button-gap elementor-repeater-item-c3f9292\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"ee-button-wrapper elementor-animation-grow ee-effect ee-effect-type--3d ee-effect-direction--up ee-effect--background ee-effect-zoom-- ee-effect--perspective\" href=\"https:\/\/www.efex.pro\/fa\/shop\/product-details\/austrian-economy-audio-book\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button ee-button-link ee-size-sm\" data-label=\"Ses s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ee-button-content-wrapper\"><span class=\"ee-button-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSes s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b973275 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b973275\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92a275b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"92a275b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12174\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631-670x335.jpg 670w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0648-\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0645\u06a9\u062a\u0628-\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10dbec7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10dbec7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1de5ea5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1de5ea5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131: Piyasa Okuluna Giri\u015f, Steven Horowitz taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar bu kitapta Avusturya ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn 1870&#8217;lerde ba\u015flayan ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam eden fikirlerini inceliyor. Bu okulu detayl\u0131 ve eksiksiz bir \u015fekilde incelemek ilginizi \u00e7ekiyorsa, bu okulun ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi t\u00fcm geli\u015fmeleri detayl\u0131 ve eksiksiz bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in bu kitab\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz. Bu makalenin geri kalan\u0131nda bu kitab\u0131 ve ekonomi ekol\u00fcn\u00fc olabildi\u011fince yak\u0131ndan inceleyece\u011fim;  <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>H\u00fck\u00fcmet mi piyasa m\u0131??!!<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p>Her zaman sorulan bir sorudur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Belki bu soruyu akl\u0131n\u0131zda duymak size Shakespeare&#8217;in bir oyununu hat\u0131rlat\u0131r. Ancak \u015funu da s\u00f6ylemeliyiz ki bu soru, ekonominin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar insan akl\u0131n\u0131 me\u015fgul etmi\u015ftir. Bu soruya mant\u0131kl\u0131 bir cevap bulmak bir\u00e7ok iktisat ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve her biri bu soruya kendi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re cevap vermi\u015ftir. Avusturya \u0130ktisat Okulu da bu okullardan biridir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekol\u00fc Avusturya ekonomisi kitab\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu kitap ekonomi, tarih ve felsefenin bir birle\u015fimidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekol\u00fc ilk olarak 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda <a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1_(%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carl Menger<\/a> , <a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%B3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ludwig van Mises<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Friedrich Hayek<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu. Bu okulun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel ilkeleri aras\u0131nda bireycilik ve paran\u0131n ekonomik alanlarda tarafs\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131n\u0131 sayabiliriz. Bunlar bu okulun sosyalist okullardan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya Ekonomisi kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evirmeni Say\u0131n Hossein Khaleghi de \u015funu belirtiyor;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4f2795 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e4f2795\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8761d01 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"8761d01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tAvusturya iktisat ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn asl\u0131nda piyasaya sahip olursak ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin m\u00fcdahale etmesi durumunda ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ifadesi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.  \t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4134b81 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4134b81\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef355cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef355cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ekonomi denilince insanlar\u0131n akl\u0131na istatistiksel form\u00fcller ve tablolar, karma\u015f\u0131k hesaplamalar, istatistik ve rakamlar seli gelir. Elbette t\u00fcm bunlar size ekonominin \u00f6nemli k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131ndan geliyor ama hepsi ekonomi olmayacak. Bu konu d\u00fcnyada Avusturya \u0130ktisat Okulu gibi okullar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131ndaki temel fakt\u00f6rlerden biridir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya okulunun ilkeleri, Ekonominin \u0130lkeleri kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 Karl Menger taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu. Bu ilkelerde her bireyin e\u015fit haklara sahip olmas\u0131 ve bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn azami olmas\u0131 gibi hususlara vurgu yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Karl Menger&#8217;in bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 piyasan\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na kendi mekanizmalar\u0131na g\u00fcvenerek kontrol\u00fc ele alabilece\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fine dayan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu okulun fikirleri Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;daki umatizm veya h\u00fcmanizm felsefi okuluna benzer. Ve bu okulun matematik bilimlerine uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle ekonomiye a\u015fina olmayan insanlar bile ekonomi hakk\u0131nda iyi bir fikir sahibi olabilirler.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2babd67 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2babd67\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7efea86 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7efea86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12332\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-670x335.jpg 670w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88118ed e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"88118ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb56b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cb56b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomisi nedir?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Belki Avusturya ekonomi okulunun ad\u0131n\u0131 duydu\u011funuzda bu okulun sadece Avusturya \u00fclkesiyle ilgili oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz. Ancak durumun hi\u00e7 de \u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeliyiz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomisi veya Viyana okulu olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan Avusturya okulu (Almanca: \u00d6sterreichische Schule) da bilinmektedir. Bu ekol, ana ak\u0131m\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki iktisat ekollerinden biridir ve fiyat mekanizmas\u0131na dayal\u0131 kendili\u011finden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeyi vurgular. Avusturya iktisat okulunun di\u011fer entelekt\u00fcel \u00f6zellikleri metodolojik bireycilik ve paran\u0131n tarafs\u0131z olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Karl Menger&#8217;in o d\u00f6nemde Avusturya ekol\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tarak iktisad\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu okul, bireysel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin ve serbest piyasan\u0131n kat\u0131 bir savunucusu olarak biliniyor. Avusturya iktisat okulunun h\u00fck\u00fcmet mi yoksa piyasa m\u0131 sorusuna cevab\u0131? Y\u00fczde 100 pazard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu kas\u0131rgan\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ekonominin en eski ve en \u00fcnl\u00fc bilmecesinin cevab\u0131yd\u0131;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Suyun ve elmas\u0131n gizemi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisad\u0131n\u0131n ana d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ekseni, ki\u015finin toplumda nas\u0131l kararlar ve se\u00e7imler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tam da ekonominin ana ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n insanlar\u0131 makinelere benzetmeye ve insanlar\u0131n rasyonel kararlar almas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik b\u00fcy\u00fck bir e\u011filimi varken. Avusturya ekol\u00fc, ekonominin her zaman de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uyarlanabilirli\u011fe ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa sahip oldu\u011funu vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2414aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b2414aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f0a1ef elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f0a1ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12334\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633-670x335.jpg 670w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u06cc-\u0622\u0628-\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85744b4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"85744b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4b2f48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4b2f48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Suyun ve elmas\u0131n gizemi nedir?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ekonomiye a\u015fina olmayan insanlar bile bu bilmeceye a\u015finad\u0131r. Bu gizem, neden insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n temel fakt\u00f6rlerinden biri olan suyun ekonomik de\u011ferinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu, ancak insanlar i\u00e7in gerekli olmayan elmas\u0131n ekonomik de\u011ferinin neden y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisat okulu, daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7bir iktisat teorisinin cevap verme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu bilmeceye ikna edici bir cevap verebildi.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya&#8217;n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmet m\u00fcdahalesine ekonomik bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisat okulu, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ekonomik alanlara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdahalelerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir. Avusturya ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 bu konuyu, politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n m\u00fcdahalelerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edemeyecekleri \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yorlar. Sonu\u00e7 olarak ekonomik i\u015flere ilk m\u00fcdahaleleri, ki\u015finin durumunu eskisinden \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fc hale getirecek bir dizi m\u00fcdahaleye neden olur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hayek 1944&#8217;te ayn\u0131 konuyu a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in &#8220;K\u00f6leli\u011fin Yolu&#8221; kitab\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu kitap Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ve Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;nde h\u0131zla sat\u0131lmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. 1945 y\u0131l\u0131nda &#8220;Bilginin Toplumda Kullan\u0131m\u0131&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir makale yay\u0131nlad\u0131. 1950&#8217;de yazar Londra okulundan Chicago \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;ne ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Daha sonra 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nobel \u0130ktisat \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc&#8217;n\u00fc kazanan &#8220;Hukuk, Mevzuat ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck&#8221; adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 ciltlik kitab\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu \u00f6d\u00fcle Avusturya okulunun yeniden canlanmas\u0131 denilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya okulu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan fiyat nas\u0131l belirlenir?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekol\u00fc, fiyatlar\u0131n mal sat\u0131n alma ve almama gibi subjektif fakt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re belirlendi\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. Klasik ekolde fiyat\u0131n \u00fcretimin objektif maliyetlerine g\u00f6re belirlenece\u011finden s\u00f6z edilir. Neoklasik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, fiyatlar\u0131 belirleyen temel unsurun arz ve talep miktar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fine dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisat okulu bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin her ikisini de reddeder. Bu okul, \u00fcretim maliyetlerinin subjektif fakt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re olu\u015fturuldu\u011funa ve k\u0131t kaynaklar\u0131n alternatif kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131n subjektif tercihlerine dayal\u0131 olarak arz ve talep aras\u0131nda bir denge olu\u015fturuldu\u011funa inanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin; Para yaratmak i\u00e7in harcanan maliyet \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ancak insanlar i\u00e7in s\u00fcbjektif de\u011feri y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomi ekol\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan i\u015f \u00e7evrimleri<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisat okulu, i\u015f \u00e7evrimlerinin, paray\u0131 kontrol etmek amac\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmetler taraf\u0131ndan faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n manip\u00fclasyonu taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirildi\u011fine inanmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda h\u00fck\u00fcmetler faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltip d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek halk\u0131n sermayesini k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131yor, bu da ekonomik durgunlu\u011fa neden oluyor.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu okul, ekonomik durgunlu\u011fun nedeninin emek ve sermayenin uygunsuz end\u00fcstrilerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu\u011funa inanmaktad\u0131r. Bu da reel yat\u0131r\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na neden olacak ve i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131nda da art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. B\u00f6yle bir durumda h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ve merkez bankas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc faizleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek ve sanayiyi desteklemektir. Bununla durgunlu\u011fu atlatmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor. Ancak Avusturyal\u0131 ekonomi teorisyenleri bu uygulaman\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlara g\u00f6re bu, yanl\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak ve durumu daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya okuluna isim verilmesinin nedeni<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya iktisat ekol\u00fc, 1871&#8217;de Karl Menger&#8217;in iktisat \u00fczerine kitab\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yla tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Marjinalist devrim, Stanley Jones ve Leon&#8217;la birlikte her zaman Carl Menger olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Ama sonunda Leon Walras ve Stanley Jones&#8217;un fikirleriyle neoklasik iktisat okulunun yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bu, Menger&#8217;in takip\u00e7ilerinin, epistemoloji ve metodoloji de dahil olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan neoklasik okuldan farkl\u0131 olan Avusturya ekonomi okulunu yaratmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Alman tarih okulunun bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1500ef e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a1500ef\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16a5c21 elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"16a5c21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\tBu okul, ekonomiyi siyasetin ve ideolojinin hizmetinde g\u00f6rmekte ve ekonominin zaman \u00f6tesi ve yerellik \u00f6tesi ilkelerini reddetmektedir.  \t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1208dfe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1208dfe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90d7cf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90d7cf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">  Menger&#8217;in 1873 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ekonominin \u0130lkeleri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 eski tarih ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn kurucular\u0131ndan Wilhelm Roscher&#8217;e sunmas\u0131, Alman tarih ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcyelerinin tepkisine neden oldu. Alman tarih ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn takip\u00e7ileri, Menger&#8217;in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 alayc\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Avusturya ekol\u00fc olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131lar ve bu isim g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar kald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sonras\u0131nda Gustav Schmols&#8217;un Menger&#8217;in kitab\u0131na y\u00f6nelik sert ele\u015ftirileriyle yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc y\u00f6ntemleri g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Ancak Menger sessiz kalmad\u0131 ve 1883&#8217;te bu metodolojik tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan &#8220;Sosyal Bilim Metodolojisi \u00dczerine Bir Deneme&#8221; ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u015fka bir kitap yazd\u0131. Menger taraf\u0131ndan marjinalist de\u011fer teorisi ve finalizm teorisinin klasik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya de\u011ferli bir alternatif olarak \u00f6nerildi\u011fi yer buras\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Menger, modern ekonomik teorisini \u00f6znel de\u011fer teorisine ve modern bir ekonomik teoriye dayanarak kurmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Avusturya ekonomisinin ana temellerinden biri de\u011ferin \u00f6znelli\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa2c48c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"aa2c48c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee77a02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee77a02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9ff5a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e9ff5a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Steven Horowitz kimdir?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere&#8217;ye ve daha sonra Amerika&#8217;ya g\u00f6\u00e7 ettiler. Ve yollar\u0131na devam ettiler. Bu ki\u015filerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve faaliyetleri daha sonra liberalizmin entelekt\u00fcel ve politik vizyonunu olu\u015fturabildi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya Ekonomisi kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 <a title=\"Steven Horowitz\" href=\"https:\/\/fa.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B2#:~:text=%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%20%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B2%20(%D8%A8%D9%87%20%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%3A%20Steven,%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%20%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%20%D8%B1%D8%A7%20%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%20%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Steven Horowitz,<\/a> \u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fcreselle\u015fen Avusturya okulunun 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda yeniden canlanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kendini g\u00f6stermeyi ba\u015faran ki\u015filerden biriydi. Sonu\u00e7 olarak o, bu ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00f6nemde ve 21. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki temsilcisi olarak tan\u0131nmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Steven Horowitz \u00f6\u011frencilik y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc okulun destek\u00e7ileri aras\u0131na kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc oldu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0130ran sahalar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 r\u00f6portajlara g\u00f6re Steven Horowitz \u00fclkemizde de tan\u0131nmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Steven Horowitz&#8217;in serbest piyasa ekonomisiyle ilgilenen insanlar aras\u0131ndaki pop\u00fclaritesinin ana nedenlerinden biri, bu yazar\u0131n ekonomik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kamuoyuna m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en basit dilde sunmak i\u00e7in elinden geleni yapmas\u0131d\u0131r. Steven Horowitz&#8217;in di\u011fer yaz\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 2008 ekonomik krizi, kripto paralar ve asgari \u00fccretler gibi konular\u0131 sayabiliriz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu yazar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ekonomik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en basit dille ifade edebilmesiydi.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8ad033 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d8ad033\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36634b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"36634b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"860\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632-\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-860x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12176\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632-\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-860x1024.jpg 860w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632-\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-252x300.jpg 252w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632-\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-768x915.jpg 768w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632-\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 860px) 100vw, 860px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c37d769 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c37d769\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4e40a9 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a4e40a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12336\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a-670x335.jpg 670w, https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-\u0628\u0627-\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646-\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c61e356 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c61e356\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfddfec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dfddfec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya Ekonomisi kitab\u0131 Steven Horowitz taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yazar bu kitapta Avusturya ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn tarih boyunca hik\u00e2yesini anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, bu tarihi anlatman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kendi ekol\u00fcn\u00fcn kavram ve ilkelerini de 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l okurlar\u0131na sade ve ak\u0131c\u0131 bir dille anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Steven Horowitz ki\u015fisel olarak pozitif bir insand\u0131 ve ironik bir \u015fekilde bu durum Avusturya Ekonomisi kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcnde de bulunabilir. Steven Horowitz bu kitab\u0131n giri\u015finde ilerlemeye giden yolun her yerde ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bunun da ekonomik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve minimum h\u00fck\u00fcmet m\u00fcdahalesi oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu re\u00e7eteyi t\u00fcm insan toplumlar\u0131na, hatta \u0130ran \u00fclkesine bile yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki Steven Horowitz, Avusturya Ekonomisi kitab\u0131n\u0131n Fars\u00e7a versiyonunun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce kanser nedeniyle \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu konu da bu kitab\u0131n \u00e7evirmeni Say\u0131n Khaleghi&#8217;nin pi\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131ndan biri olarak ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131n\u0131n avantaj\u0131 nedir?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Say\u0131n Amirhossein Khaleghi&#8217;nin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131n\u0131n temel avantaj\u0131;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04dade7 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"04dade7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13fe45e elementor-blockquote--skin-quotation elementor-blockquote--align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"13fe45e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\t21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00f6zellikle Avusturyal\u0131lar di\u011fer ekollerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinden \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 al\u0131p daha farkl\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bu temalar\u0131n ve baz\u0131 fig\u00fcrlerin tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve mevcut ilgi, bu kitab\u0131n benzer vakalara g\u00f6re \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir.  \t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a475ef8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a475ef8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74d626c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"74d626c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ade23ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ade23ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya \u0130ktisat Kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7evirmeni Hakk\u0131nda<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a title=\"Emir H\u00fcseyin Khaleghi\" href=\"http:\/\/khaleqi.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amirhossein Khaleghi<\/a> 17 Mehr 1359&#8217;da do\u011fdu. \u0130sfahan \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu ve liseye kadar matematik ve fizik alan\u0131ndaki e\u011fitimini bu \u015fehirde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 1377 y\u0131l\u0131nda Emirkabir \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden end\u00fcstri m\u00fchendisli\u011fi alan\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. Mezun olduktan sonra y\u00f6netim konular\u0131na ve be\u015feri bilimlere olan ilgisi nedeniyle Shahid Beheshti \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nde e\u011fitimine devam etti ve i\u015fletme y\u00f6netimi alan\u0131nda y\u00fcksek lisans yapt\u0131. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda kamu y\u00f6netimi alan\u0131nda kamu politikas\u0131 alan\u0131nda doktora program\u0131na kabul edildi. E\u011fitim s\u00fcrecindeki y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi onu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131ndaki ki\u015fisel ilgi alanlar\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amirhossein Khaleghi, doktora e\u011fitimi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Tahran \u00dcniversitesi \u0130\u015fletme Fak\u00fcltesi&#8217;nde \u00e7e\u015fitli dersler vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Doktora tezi Halil \u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n E-Devlet Politika Yap\u0131m\u0131nda Etik Konular S\u00f6ylemi ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunuldu. Bu ki\u015finin sosyal bilimler, y\u00f6netim vb. alanlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli makaleleri yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca &#8220;Karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve Y\u00f6netim; Sistemik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 unutun&#8221; ve &#8220;\u00d6rg\u00fctler, Kimlik ve \u0130maj&#8221; terc\u00fcmesini yapt\u0131. \u0130ran y\u00f6netim kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n iki cildinde, y\u00f6netim alan\u0131n\u0131n elitleriyle birlikte elektronik h\u00fck\u00fcmetin temellerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amir Hossein Khaleghi&#8217;nin dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim alanlar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok kurum ve kurulu\u015fla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Tahran \u00dcniversitesi \u0130\u015fletme Fak\u00fcltesi&#8217;nde y\u00f6netim dersleri verdi\u011fini de belirtmek gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca organizasyon ve y\u00f6netim konular\u0131nda ba\u015fka kitaplar da yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3648d7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3648d7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f9afd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5f9afd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0637\u0647-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12172\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0637\u0647-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc.jpg 450w, 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https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0637\u0647-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u06cc-350x350.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b16253 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3b16253\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a192fd elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3a192fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;zoomIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647-\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631-\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-12338\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647-\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631-\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc-1024x512.jpg 1024w, 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https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0647-\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0631-\u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u06cc-\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645-\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f-\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32e7f98 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32e7f98\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0bb56cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0bb56cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avusturya Ekonomisi \u00e7evirmeni Amir Hossein Khaleghi&#8217;nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amir Hossein Khaleghi, Avusturyal\u0131lar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetin paras\u0131z kalmas\u0131n\u0131 dahi kabullenmedikleri ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin m\u00fcdahale ve sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan uzak paraya sahip olmak i\u00e7in t\u00fcm \u00e7abay\u0131 sarf ettikleri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu nedenle 1970&#8217;li ve 1980&#8217;li y\u0131llardan itibaren, biraz al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k bir \u015fekilde \u00f6zel paran\u0131n kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bana g\u00f6re kripto paralar bu y\u00f6nde at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ad\u0131m. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc para i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcrken kontrol merkezine ihtiya\u00e7 duymayan paralard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Okuyucunun Avusturya iktisat kitab\u0131n\u0131 okuyarak az \u00e7ok bu ekol\u00fcn t\u00fcm y\u00f6nleriyle ve onun t\u00fcm ekollerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar hakk\u0131nda genel bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe sahip olaca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Avusturya ekonomisi \u00fczerine kitaplar\u0131n listesi<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4706d9e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4706d9e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d166287 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"d166287\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Steven Horowitz'in Giri\u015fi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Dr. Moussa Ghaninejad'\u0131n Giri\u015fi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u00c7evirmenin tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: tan\u0131mak<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Karl Menger ve Avusturya mikroekonomisi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">B\u00f6l\u00fcm III: Piyasa s\u00fcreci ve kendili\u011finden d\u00fczen<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Sezon: Avusturya ekonomi y\u00f6ntemi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Be\u015finci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Sermaye ve hesaplama<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Alt\u0131nc\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Sosyalist hesaplaman\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Yedinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Avusturya i\u015f \u00e7evrimleri teorisi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Sekizinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm: Hayek'in fikirleri<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">B\u00f6l\u00fcm 9: Yar\u0131\u015fma<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Onuncu B\u00f6l\u00fcm: Para teorisi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-left\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11: Avusturya ekonomisi<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95ec8e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"95ec8e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146d6f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"146d6f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Art\u0131k herkes biliyor ki, bug\u00fcnlerde ekonomi b\u0131rak\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131, 10 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesiyle bile ayn\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yeni ileti\u015fim teknolojileri ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 herkesi esir ald\u0131. Bilgiye dayal\u0131 ekonomi, e-ticaret ve e-\u00f6demeler her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131yla ilerliyor. Ve ayn\u0131 h\u0131zla farkl\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 piyasalar\u0131n denklemlerinde yeni de\u011fi\u015fikliklere neden oluyorlar. Dijital para ya da kripto para olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir olgunun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla paran\u0131n bile eski konumunu kaybetti\u011fi bir noktaya gelindi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ekonomik faaliyette bulunan herkesin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu pazar her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. Ve bunun tersine, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ekonomik i\u015flemlere daha az m\u00fcdahale edebiliyor.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1938efc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1938efc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f9f392 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f9f392\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ace93e7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ace93e7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-259379b elementor-headline--style-highlight elementor-widget elementor-widget-animated-headline\" data-id=\"259379b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;highlighted_text&quot;:&quot;Piyasaya yuvarlak m\\u00fcdahale&quot;,&quot;highlight_animation_duration&quot;:2000,&quot;headline_style&quot;:&quot;highlight&quot;,&quot;marker&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;highlight_iteration_delay&quot;:8000}\" data-widget_type=\"animated-headline.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-plain-text elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">Belki h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin piyasaya m\u00fcdahale etmeyece\u011fini g\u00f6rece\u011fiz<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-wrapper elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-dynamic-text elementor-headline-text-active\">Piyasaya yuvarlak m\u00fcdahale<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-headline-plain-text elementor-headline-text-wrapper\">  ve piyasay\u0131 rahat b\u0131rak\u0131n.  <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79bcb0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"79bcb0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4734d9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a4734d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad352aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ad352aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu videoyu izlemek Avusturya ekonomi okulunu tan\u0131man\u0131n yaln\u0131zca ilk ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu okul hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmek, ekonomi ve i\u015fletme alan\u0131nda ne anlama geldiklerini \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyorsan\u0131z bu kitab\u0131 okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2009cba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2009cba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bc47be e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7bc47be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9befab8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9befab8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93ea8a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"93ea8a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<iframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QwmjEj6RR90?si=LnpHpVapRloL48PQ\" title=\"YouTube video oynat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-878c68c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"878c68c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb83ff5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cb83ff5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"book\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-734adb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"734adb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/online.flippingbook.com\/view\/11647292\" class=\"fbo-embed\" data-fbo-id=\"11647292\" data-fbo-lightbox=\"yes\" data-fbo-width=\"100%\" data-fbo-height=\"auto\" data-fbo-ratio=\"3:2\" data-fbo-version=\"1\" data-fbo-method=\"wp\" style=\"max-width: 100%\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f_\u0627\u064f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u06cc_\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632<\/a><script async defer src=\"https:\/\/online.flippingbook.com\/EmbedScriptUrl?m=redir&hid=11647292\"><\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avusturya ekonomi kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri yazar : Steven Horowitz \u00c7evirmen: Amir Hossein Khaleghi \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f tarihi: 1400 Yay\u0131nlanan: Birinci sayfa say\u0131s\u0131: 180 Teslimat s\u00fcresi: 3 ila 5 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc Bas\u0131l\u0131 bir kopya&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13000","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/farhadsalimi.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}